Concepts, Principles, Theories

Generated by Foxit PDF Creator  © Foxit Software http://www. foxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 MPK1023: Management and Administration of TVE CONCEPTS vs. PRINCIPLES vs. THEORY PM Dr WILFREDO H. LIBUNAO IMPORTANCE OF IMPORTANCE THEORIES Theories are constructed to give an explanation of phenomena (Stam, 2000). According to Denzin (1970), there are three functions of a theory: 1. Permitting organization of descriptions, 2. leading to explanation, and 3. furnishing the basis for prediction of future events. Importance of Theories†¦cont’d: In a nutshell, theories: – Tell us what we are doing Tell us why we do things – Not how to do things – It help us better understand the process – Will enable us to predict what is going to happen in the future 1 Generated by Foxit PDF Creator  © Foxit Software http://www. foxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 Importance of Theories†¦cont’d: Elements of Theory: †¢ Concepts †¢ Generalizations †¢ Assumptions Purposes of Theory: †¢ Provide an explanation of how things generally work †¢ Guide research †¢ Guide practice Importance of Theories†¦cont’d: Hypotheses: †¢ Conjectural statements that explain relationships. †¢ Use to test theories. †¢ Guide research Scientific Knowledge: Propositions supported by systematic research. Purpose of Science: To test theory and to provide reliable explanation. Theoretical System Concepts Generalizations Assumptions Concepts Variables Hypotheses Variables Empirical Testing Principles  © Hoy, 2008,  © Hoy 2003 2 Generated by Foxit PDF Creator  © Foxit Software http://www. foxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 IMPORTANCE OF CONCEPTS †¢ What is a concept? †¢ Why is it important? †¢ How is it different from principles and theories? †¢ Is concept important in management? The Elephant Six blind sages were shown an elephant and met to discuss their experience. It's wonderful,† said the first, â€Å"an elephant is like a rope: slender and flexible. † â€Å"No, no, not at all,† said the second, â€Å"an elephant is like a tree, sturdily planted on the ground. † â€Å"Nonsense,† said the third, â€Å"an elephant is like a wall. † â€Å"Incredible,† said the fourth, â€Å"an elephant is a tube filled with water. † â€Å"What a strange and piecemeal beast this is,† said the fifth. â€Å"Strange indeed,† said the sixth, â€Å"but there must be some underlying harmony. Let us investigate the matter further. † Adapted from a traditional Hindu fable IMPORTANCE OF CONCEPT IMPORTANCE †¢ A concept is a mental abstraction which allows eneralization and the extension of knowledge from some known objects to others unknown. †¢ A concept is formed by taking a number of similar entities and deciding what makes them similar in an important way. †¢ Concepts are bearers of meaning, as opposed to agents of meaning. A single concept can be expressed by any number of languages. 3 Generated by Foxit PDF Creator  © Foxit Software http://www. foxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 Importance of concept†¦cont’d †¢ In other words concepts are essentially hypotheses that will become invalid, should they fail to fit in some critical way the empirical reality t is claimed they represent. †¢ The word ‘concept’ refers to a class of acts, thoughts, activities, processes, or structures. †¢ In science its concepts drive research, steering inquiry according to the meaning of each. Importance of concept†¦cont’d †¢ Concepts lead to new directions and new ideas through disturbances or provocations in usual thinking processes. †¢ Concepts are keys to change and improvement. IMPORTANCE OF PRINCIPLE PRINCIPLE – is considered as a law, a doctrine, a policy, or a deep-seated beliefs which governs the deepconduct of various types of human activities. In the field of administration and supervision,PRINCIPLE is accepted as a fundamental truth. —- for the administrator and supervisor, it is very important to have good principles, because these will serve as his guide in his reflective thinking and in his choice of program of activities. 4 Generated by Foxit PDF Creator  © Foxit Software http://www. foxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 IMPORTANT USES OF PRINCIPLES IN SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION 1. Principles are means by which the administrator and supervisor proceed from one situation to another. —- it means that in the operation or in administering/ supervising functions, there is an rganized step-by-step schedule or program of step-byactivities to be followed. 2. Principles are instrumental in improving teachingteachinglearning process. —- since every administrator or supervisor as well as t eachers want the best learning outcomes on the part of the learner, these principles will be of great help for the improvement of instruction and all other learning activities. Uses of principles in school administration [cont’d] 3. Principles make for enormous economy of time and effort in choosing techniques to be used. —– meaning principle directs us on what is the appropriate techniques/strategies to be sed effectively in the operation of administrative and supervisory functions. 4. Principles eliminate much of the trial and error practices. —– through it, we can avoid waste of time on what to do, but instead they give us direction or point of destination. Uses of principles in school administration [cont’d] 5. Principles greatly aid in the discovery of new techniques. —– they are the hypotheses that direct the search for new techniques in school administration and supervision. 6. Principles are needed to guide the choice a nd sequence of the techniques at hand. 5 Generated by Foxit PDF Creator  © Foxit Software http://www. oxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 Uses of principles in school administration [cont’d] 7. Principles aid in the evaluation of techniques, for they furnish a broader basis by which to judge the techniques used in the school administration and supervision. —– it is not only used to determine on what appropriate techniques to be used, but it can also serve as measurement / basis as to how effective is the technique or procedures. 8. Principles define the items, which must be scrutinized in evaluating the results. —– this implies the better understanding of the fundamental principles and functions of school dministration and supervision Uses of principles in school administration [cont’d] 9. Principles are used to evaluate the success of administrative and supervisory programs. —— administration and supervision ar e also directed and evaluated in terms of principles. 10. Principles lead the administrators and supervisors to further activities for they are dynamic and not static. —— being a teacher, we are also an administrator and supervisors in the real classroom situation, we must see to it that our principles and techniques used are open for any changes and improvement. The Triadic Relations ofTheory, Practice, and Research Theory, research, and practice are in a dynamic relationship. Each set of relationships is relationship. reciprocal: theory guides practice, but practice reciprocal: reinforces, refines, or disconfirms theory; theory theory; guides research, but research creates and refines theory; and research guides practice, but practice theory; directs research. research. T R P  © Hoy, 2008,  © Hoy 2003 6 Generated by Foxit PDF Creator  © Foxit Software http://www. foxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 END OF SESSION MPK1023: M anagement and Manageme nt Administration of TVE A dministration 7

Technological Advancement of the 19th Century

The end of the nineteenth century brought about a huge change in the way the United States worked as a nation, making the United States the world’s most productive nation. The nation as a whole was advancing rapidly and new inventions were bringing about new ways of life. Due to the invention railroads and efficient machinery, there was a rise in big businesses which were looking to expand as much as possible. Initially, nearing the end of the nineteenth century, railroads covered majority of the United States.Railroads calmed the tension of transporting goods and materials, helping further the production of goods. The invention of railroads was the seed that helped big businesses grow. The making of railroads efficiently helped move large, bulk items that contributed to further drop the cost of transporting goods to the national market. During this time, Cornelius Vanderbilt, a railroad magnate gained great power and fortunes from uniting smaller rail lines into national corp orations.The invention of railroads itself sparked the railroad industry and helped to lower transportation prices in an already suppressed economy. Likewise, the invention of railroads not only promoted goods but it also promoted the steel industry. With railroads being constructed hastily, the steel industry and hit a big boom and almost became a major industry. The steel business was managed by a man named Andrew Carnegie and this big boom in the industry made the steel business flourish which made Carnegie rich.Times changing with the invention of the railroad and people looking for work gave businesses the advantage to expand and rise. Carnegie bought up all the iron mines and took on coal as a partner for his industry to lead in the steel industry. He produced steel cheaply and lowered his prices, which allowed him buy out any other steel company which made his company expand and be dominant in the steel industry, thus monopolizing the industry in a process known as vertical i ntegration.Furthermore, with the combination of proficient machinery and continental railroads, they both helped to form not only fast transportation and better consumer products but it also helped to build a nation. The United States was becoming an urban nation by the end of the 19th century. Railroads supplied cities and towns with food, fuel, building materials, and access to markets. Railroads even helped shape the physical growth of cities and towns. Railroads also attracted many tourists to the United States and helped provide many cities with imported goods.In summation, in response to the Industrial Age, the United States changed and adapted in numerous ways. Machinery and industrialization helped stimulate the United States economy, furthered urban expansion and helped the United States grow into the business world it is today. The United States was and still is advancing and leading the world as the most productive nation, making the Industrial Age one of the biggest impa cts in American history. As a last thought, who would have thought that a nation could be built from just a simple railroad built from steel?

A Scholarship Boy’s Longing

A Scholarship Boy’s Longing In his essay â€Å"The Achievement of Desire,† Richard Rodriguez acts as both a writer and reader in response to a book written by Richard Hoggart entitled The Uses of Literacy. Rodriguez discovers a parallel between his own life and the life of what Hoggart coins as a â€Å"scholarship boy.† A scholarship boy is defined as a child from a working-class family who feels as if he â€Å"cannot afford to admire his parents†¦so he concentrates on the benefits that education will bestow on him.† (566). For Rodriguez, the discovery and reading of the definition prompts him to gain the courage to realize and admit that his academic success is due to his early, emotional separation from both his family and his culture. Discovering Hoggart’s book was an epic moment in Rodriguez’s life. His nostalgic experience is expressed when he writes, â€Å"For the first time I realized that there were other students like me, and so I was able to frame the meaning of my academic success, its consequent price- the loss.† (564). Rodriguez’s academic success began when the â€Å"deepest love† he had for his parents turned into â€Å"embarrassment for their lack of education.† (566). Like Hoggart’s scholarship boy, he started isolating himself from them and transitioning his respect to his teachers. He realized that his parents had no room for societal growth, and if he chose to follow in their footsteps, he would be doomed to the same working-class life that they were marginalized into. Rodriguez’s embarrassment of his parents served as a catalyst to further his education. By idolizing his teachers, he realized that he was opening the doors to success. The only problem with opening the doors to success is that another door closes behind it. The intimate, family life in which Rodriguez found so much pleasure was left in a self-deprecating manner. He began to associate pleasure with inferiority. For a scholarship boy, it is â€Å"clear that education is a long, unglamorous, even demeaning process†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (578). Rodriguez would go to the library and check out the maximum number of books. Many of these books were recommendations from the teachers he admired so much or librarians who had gained a new fondness for him. This mirrors the words of Hoggart when he writes, â€Å"†¦The scholarship boy rarely discovers an author for himself and on his own.† (845). Every time Rodriguez did discover a book on his own and found it pleasurable, he disregarded it. There was no room for pleasure in his life. During grade school, Hoggart’s scholarship boys endure the constant feeling of harsh loneliness. The scholarship boy would always be the first to answer a teacher’s question to the annoyance of the other students. In his home life, the scholarship boy feels as if he does not identify with his family, so conversation is always kept to a minimum. The books that Rodriguez brought home are the epitome of Rodriguez’s imaginative, scholarship boy. They are books that disassociate himself from his family. This loneliness also proves true in Rodriguez’s student life. There seemed to be a barrier between Rodriguez and a normal, social life. Instead of healthily interacting with other people, he hid behind his books. When Rodriguez was a graduate student, he traveled to London to write a dissertation on English Renaissance literature. He found himself in a lonely community of other scholarship children whose â€Å"eyes turned away the moment [their] glances acciden tally met.† (579). The realization of such a life had a profound effect on Rodriguez. Nostalgia started setting in, and he was eager to remember the warmth he experienced as a child. Rodriguez blatantly states that he was the quintessential scholarship boy, but I believe that he has since then shed the label. A scholarship boy is defined by Hoggart as a child who tries to separate himself from his family because of the embarrassment of association. He is the â€Å"odd man out.† (848). However the tone used by Rodriguez in â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† is more nostalgic and melancholy than embarrassed. Rodriguez openly writes about his past, even though it had taken him over â€Å"twenty years to admit.† (564). Hoggart claims that once a scholarship boy has made the transition into a scholar, he will never feel a sense of belonging in his personal, private life. This is where the separation between Hoggart’s scholarship boy and Rodriguez truly begins. In the ending paragraphs of his essay, Rodriguez begins to identify with his parents. He notes that he â€Å"laughed just like his mother† and â€Å"his father’s eyes wer e much like his own.† (580). Although Rodriguez is most likely still the odd man out in his family, he does feel a sense of belonging despite the strained relationship. There is an interesting relationship between Rodriguez and Hoggart’s texts. The structure of Rodriguez’s essay is formatted similar to a reading analysis worksheet. Rodriguez borrows four block quotes from Hoggart’s The Uses of Literacy and comments on them, finding various parallels to his own life. An example of this can be seen when Hoggart writes, â€Å"The scholarship boy discovers a technique of apparent learning, of acquiring of facts rather than of the handling and use of facts. He learns how to receive a purely literate education, one using only a small part of the personality and challenging only a limited area of his being.† (577). Like Hoggart’s scholarship boy, Rodriguez admits he was a bad student. He relied on imitation to get him through the grammar school system. Rodriguez â€Å"used his teachers’ diction, trusting their every direction.† (566). He adopted what he was told to adopt rather than making decisions on his o wn. Rodriguez’s way of paralleling his life to the life of Hoggart’s scholarship boy seems like a very systematic way of writing, which is interesting, because it reflects Rodriguez’s methodical, educational upbringing. However, how Rodriguez uses the text to his advantage is proof that he is no longer a carbon copy of Hoggart’s scholarship boy. The text is broken up into four sections. The first section intertwines the words of Hoggart and Rodriguez describing Rodriguez’s claim on the term â€Å"scholarship boy.† Rodriguez blurs the lines between Hoggart and himself, which allows him to fully align himself with Hoggart’s definition of a scholarship boy. The passage from The Uses of Literacy within this section seems to flow a little too perfectly. It is seamlessly sewn together as if Hoggart’s words and Rodriguez’s personality are one and the same. The second section could have easily been ripped out of Rodriguez’s journal, because of its heavy use of personal events from the essayist’s life. The second section’s polar opposite is the third section, which seems very factual and based on Hoggart’s The Uses of Literacy. Many of the sentences begin with â€Å"The scholarship boy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The second and third sections display some kind of internal battle withi n Rodriguez, but it comes together in the fourth section. Instead of reading Hoggart’s text like a chore and adding it to a list of accomplishments like Rodriguez did with Plato’s The Republic, he comprehends and uses it to aid his voice. He controls the last section with great authority. Rodriguez makes Hoggart’s words work for him and becomes both a close reader and a creator of a literate, personal, and admirable essay. He uses Hoggart’s words, but he does not mimic them like he once mimicked his teachers and critics. Being able to find his own voice as both a reader and reader, as well as becoming aware and accepting of the fact that it is okay to desire the past were key to separating Rodriguez from Hoggart’s prescriptive scholarship boy. Rodriguez even goes as far to describe Hoggart’s scholarship boy as â€Å"more accurate than fair.† (577). Although it is a seemingly an accurate description, of what a young, working-class child may go through in life, it is not every man’s description. The scholarship boy described by Hoggart in The Uses of Literacy seemed to have an ill fate of seclusion and loneliness, but Rodriguez seems to have created a different ending for himself by being able to go back home. The last section of â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† proves that the essay is solely Rodriguez’s. He may have inserted Hoggart’s quotes into his work, yet the essay is still his, because the clarity of his emotions and thoughts is pristine. Rodriguez, Richard. The Achievement of Desire. Ways of Reading. Comp. David Bartholomae and Anthony Petrosky. Boston and New York: Bedford/St. Martins, 2005. 561-584.

Persuasive Speech on Milk or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Persuasive on Milk - Speech or Presentation Example These perspectives turn our world upside down. Preview: Today I will talk to you about the health risks and problems associated with drinking milk. I have four main points I would like to discuss: 1. What is commonly believed and claimed about milk 2. Debunking the myths—what is really true 3. The health risks posed by milk 4. Quitting milk—alternatives and effects To begin, let's look at what is claimed in the advertisements we see, such as those showing the â€Å"milkstache† and asking—got milk? II. Body A. Point 1: Got milk? The ads are everywhere: 1. They use celebrities and sports stars—this is trying to use public figures as a form of persuasive 2. They suggest that milk is integral to the diet, and thus it is a campaign to encourage drinking milk without in depth persuasion 3. They go unchallenged in public—considered common knowledge, and don't explain their facts B. Claims 1. Milk helps muscle recover after workouts 2. Milk cuts PMS symptoms in half 3. Milk reduces risk of bone disease 4. Milk reduces risk of bone fracture 5. Other minor benefits—healthy hair, skin, teeth, better sleep C. Why should we question these claims? 1. This information comes from a lobbying campaign 2. This information is meant to sell product primarily, not just inform 3. It is best to get information from multiple sources 4. Getting milk info from milk companies is like getting smoking information from cigarette companies—conflict of interest D. Point 2: What do others say about the Got milk? Claims? 1. A recent study by the US Department of Agriculture found that: a. Milk doesn't benefit sports performance b. No evidence says milk is good for bones or prevents bone disease 2. Dr. Walter Willet of Harvard School of Public Health says: a. Milk doesn't reduce fractures b. Less dairy means better bones c. Vitamin D is more important than calcium for preventing fractures d. Calcium has benefits, but dairy itself doesn't 3. Amy Lanou Ph.D., nutrition director for the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine in Washington, D.C says: â€Å"the connection between dairy consumption and bone health is almost nonexistent† 4. Essentially, Got milk? Makes dubious claims to support milk industry sales— and is not 100% accurate or true E. Point 3: Why milk is bad for you 1. Milk adds acidity to the body—the body weakens bones by taking calcium from them to protect kidneys from this acidity—hence milk drains calcium from bones 2. A 1994 study in the American Journal of Epidemiology said: â€Å"Consumption of dairy products, particularly at age 20 years, was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in old age† 3. Dr. Amy Lanou again adds: â€Å"The countries with the highest rates of osteoporosis are the ones where people drink the most milk and have the most calcium in their diets† – so it is associated, and correlates with osteoporosis 4. Dr. Walter Willet found that high dairy intake increases risk of male prostate cancer 5. Milk is also full of saturated fat—linked to heart disease 6. Dairy aggravates irritable bowel syndrome 7. Dr. Mark Hyman says it may also contribute to allergies, sinus and ear infections, Type 1 Diabetes, and Anemia in children 8. Our bodies—

Electoral capture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Electoral capture - Essay Example Frymer states that the ideas of electoral capture is a phenomenon where a topical and relevant group of citizens confidently votes for a certain leader and supports one of the key political parties, and thus realize the majority opposition party noticing little or no attempts to recruit or get any support from the group. This practice occurs for a long time because of ideological and historical reasons (Frymer 24). With time, the group will support a specific party. Electoral capture is especially applied in instances when a certain group has no other option apart from remaining with the political party it is associated with, since the opposing party has no or little interest in winning the group's support. In this sense therefore, the party with the majority that has been backed takes it for granted that the group voted for it. Thus, the "captured" voters are politically trapped and their issues are done away with, on both sides of the coin. Baatels's arguments become consistent with Frymer's theory at some point. Bartels found that, the poor do better in times when Democrats are in power though neither of the parties represents them as expected. It is logical to argue that, Frymer's findings have changed since in the election of Obama. During Bill Clinton's times, the Blacks felt neglected on several spectrums by the Democrats. However, with Obama's election, there has been a tremendous change in diversity in America. The Latino population has risen for more than 50%., as well as a noticeable expansion in the Pacific/Asian population, which are some of the minority groups. This means that ultimately, the candidates will appeal to such marginalized groups of voters. Eventually, legislators' representation to citizens, there is a big number of the rich, white men in power, but critically thinking, this does not show their constituents' dynamism in wealth, race, or class, and when such an idea is brought into light, the i nadequacy of diverse representation is blown off as political correctness ramblings. To suggest that the unequal consideration is true and taking effect and that misrepresentation is evident between the legislatures and the citizens being represented is indeed correct. Maligning such a reality is diminutive, and does not address the issue that maybe legislators fail to understand their constituents, and simply take their votes for

Problem at China Airlines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Problem at China Airlines - Essay Example This paper stresses that CAL has continuously faced different challenges within the Chinese market relating to political, social, economic as well as technological aspects that drastically affected in its overall performance. In accordance with the case study, it has been viewed that the organisation successfully performed its various business operations by offering superior services to the customers in its different operating areas. In this regard, the organisation has adopted an effective strategy during the year 1995 in terms of procuring 15 numbers of advanced Boeing 737 medium-haul jets for expanding its businesses. This essay declares that the political disturbances have been witnessed as one of the major difficulties for CAL while conducting its business operations. The political association between Taiwan and Mainland China has been observed to be quite strained because of the growing disputes concerning political status of Taiwan. The political problems between Taiwan and China have drastically affected the airlines business of CAL because the Chinese tourists are allowed to visit Taiwan in a group but they are not allowed to visit individually. In addition, the cargo transhipment service was also restricted between these two countries that also affected the business operations of CAL at large. Due to political disturbances, CAL and other Taiwanese airlines had changed its international flight route via southern region by connecting Southeast Asia and Middle East countries that ultimately emerged major difficulties for CAL.... In this regard, the organisation has adopted an effective strategy during the year 1995 in terms of procuring 15 numbers of advanced Boeing 737 medium-haul jets for expanding its businesses (Samanta & Faheem, 2010). Question 1) Macro-Level Issues The different macro level issues that faced by CAL can be understood by conducting a detailed environmental analysis based on PEST framework. PEST Analysis PEST analysis is regarded to be an important analytical model for an organization that assists to identify different circumstances concerning social, political, economic as well as technological factors (Lorat, 2009). Political Factors The political disturbances have been witnessed as one of the major difficulties for CAL while conducting its business operations. The political association between Taiwan and Mainland China has been observed to be quite strained because of the growing disputes concerning political status of Taiwan. The political problems between Taiwan and China have drasti cally affected the airlines business of CAL because the Chinese tourists are allowed to visit Taiwan in a group but they are not allowed to visit individually. In addition, the cargo transhipment service was also restricted between these two countries that also affected the business operations of CAL at large. Due to political disturbances, CAL and other Taiwanese airlines had changed its international flight route via southern region by connecting Southeast Asia and Middle East countries that ultimately emerged major difficulties for CAL (Samanta & Faheem, 2010). In this regard, it has apparently observed that the association between Taiwan and China remained quite strained because of the disagreement concerning political

Power Transitions - A Peaceful Power Transition for China Research Proposal - 1

Power Transitions - A Peaceful Power Transition for China - Research Proposal Example A gradual progression as was America’s at the end of the 19th century (Zakaria, 1998:5) increases the likelihood of a peaceful transition whereas an expansionist rise as was Russia’s at the turn of the last century is perceived as threatening. The image is how China portrays itself to the outside world, whether its words and deeds are seen as inviting conflict or allaying fears and giving reassurances. Another important factor concerns how well China fits in (or not) with the existing international order. The greater it works within the existing structures and rules and in a legitimate manner, at least for now before it attempts to reshape those structures and rules, the more it will be relating to other nations and be accepted. It is being aloof and closed, as is the case with North Korea today that raises suspicions even if it has peaceful intentions. Moreover, working within the existing order upholds the status quo and keeps the present superpower content, at least openly. The military strengths of China impinge upon its ability to ‘force’ a peaceful transition by diminishing the capabilities of rivals to engage in conflict. The power and size of the army creates a barrier to any attempts to weaken the country. On the other hand, many countries around the world, which are at the receiving end of aggression such as Iraq and Afghanistan, become targets for exploitation by stronger powers because they do not have armies powerful enough to be deterrence. The biggest deterrence in this age is the possession of nuclear weapons. India and Pakistan for example have rivalries and potential for conflict as in the past but they are deterred because both now possess nuclear weapons. The country also needs to have strong economic and social structures that reinforce its position, and an intelligentsia that is supportive of its aspirations. In fact, the rise and

Castle family resturant Hris analisis Research Proposal

Castle family resturant Hris analisis - Research Proposal Example The evaluation reveals that each HRIS type has its own sets of advantages and disadvantages, and is suited for different kinds of business settings and organizational size. The large vendors have robust and fully functional solutions that span not just HR but the whole slew of offerings associated with full-blown enterprise resource planning software for large corporations whose operations can span continents and include manufacturing and other complex business and supply chain processes. To these belong the software offerings from SAP, PeopleSoft, Oracle, Microsoft, and other large vendors with matching global scale operations and reach. On the other end are small niche solutions that target small and medium enterprises, as well as open source software that are supposed to be free, but of course require paid consulting to implement and maintain. Then there are hosted solutions, with systems such as HRIS and ERP being offered as SaaS, or software as a service, which is the recommende d HRIS type for the Castle Family Restaurants. ... INTRODUCTION The idea of implementing an automated Human Resources Information System for the Castle Family of Restaurants makes business sense from the point of view of streamlining HR operations and in the process saving the organization time and money that can otherwise be funneled into activities that help grow the top line revenues, or else funneled into cost savings that can positively impact the bottom line, or profits. The current state of things is inefficient as far as the management of the HR function is concerned. The trips to the sites are necessary on the part of the key HR person, Jay Morgan, only in so far as there are no alternatives to doing the things that he has to do during those trips. The money spent on travel, if there are non-travel alternatives to doing those HR tasks effectively, can be substantial in the long run, and can help defray the expenses to be incurred from procuring the HRIS. Moreover, there are operational benefits in other areas of the HR funct ion as well, that can accrue from the implementation of an HRIS. The management of temporary staff can benefit from an automated HRIS, in ways that cut costs in many measurable and not immediately measurable ways. A temporary staff pool efficiently managed can be, for example, a more motivated staff pool, which may have positive impact on the quality of service they give at work, which in turn may impact business viability via improved customer experiences, more return business, and more sales. If staff queries and concerns are addressed promptly and well, via an HRIS system that does away with waiting lines and delays from manual processes, the result can be a more efficient and motivated workforce as

Pollution by CO2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pollution by CO2 - Essay Example Therefore, concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is being monitored closely in order to prevent effects of global warming (Ramseur & Parker2008, p.27). The need to curb the effects of global warming due to increased greenhouse gases has led to the development of novel devices, which can monitor air pollution by CO2. However, it is worth to mention that some of the methods in use for the monitoring of CO2 tend to be highly sophisticated, and can only be used under exceptional circumstances. Today, majority of the devices that are in use for monitoring of atmospheric CO2 are constructed using Non-Dispersive Infrared gas analyzers. However, there are several other techniques, which use chromatographic and spectrum techniques. It is necessary to note that there is an internationally accepted calibration system that helps in giving a global standard for CO2 measurements (Nowakb & King 2002, p.246). Devices for measuring CO2 pollution Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) This is one of the methods widely used for monitoring atmospheric pollution by CO2. This technique has been in use for decades, and its working principle is based on the identification of the absorption spectrum for different gases. Therefore, FTIR operates by monitoring the whole infrared spectrum in order to identify the different absorption spectrums for gases present. Infrared spectrums produce absorption spectrums for samples that have absorption peaks that correspond to frequencies of bond vibrations within an atom. Every material has a unique combination of atoms, hence the uniqueness in the infrared spectrum produced. Therefore, the use of infrared spectroscopy can help in the quantitative analysis of a material (Xinyi 2012, p. 225). The size of peaks produced by infrared spectrums provides a direct measurement for the quantity of substance present within the test sample, which goes to extents of 10% of CO2 concentrations in the sample. The use of software algorithms has made use o f the infrared spectrum a vital tool for quantitative analysis. The use of FTIR has a number of advantages over other techniques that were in use earlier. These advantages include its nondestructive nature; it also gives precise measurements that do not need any external calibration, has a high operating speed and is of a high sensitivity. Other advantages include its high optical throughput, and its mechanical simplicity.With the help of an interferometer, FTIR measures different infrared frequencies simultaneously. Therefore, this technique is reliable for the identification of air pollution by CO2 based on its unique absorption spectrum (Griffith &Stephen 2000, p.218). Advantages FTIR provides the advantage of measuring up to 50 determinants. The other advantagesincludethe reduced number of interferences, lack of frequent calibration, and a typical range of 2.5-25Â µm. Disadvantages The main disadvantage associated with the use of FTIR is its potential to generate a large amount of data from inferograms, which makes data analysis process cumbersome. The other disadvantage relates to difficulties in obtaining a representative background. Gas chromatography This is an analytic technique that is used in the analysis of a number of gaseous substances. Analysis of gases using gas chromatography requires the gaseous compounds under analysis to have thermal stability and sufficiently

MRES7013 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

MRES7013 - Essay Example Thus, it is oxygenated in lungs, and de-oxygenated once it passes through tissues (Guyton and Hall, 2006 p. 78). Because of its liquid nature, it is able to seep through spaces once a vascular injury occurs. We usually see it as bruising of the skin, when trauma causes breakage in the thin-walled capillaries in the dermis. The bruising then recedes with time, and the skin goes back to its previous appearance as if nothing happened. The same may not be applicable to other organs, more notably the brain. Although there is no obvious bruising similar to that seen on the skin, brain hemorrhages present with more serious signs of paralysis or changes in the sensorium, as caused by the ischemia and neuronal death of the area in the brain that should have been perfused by the injured vessel. Soon, ischemia of some brain tissue results to irreversible neurologic dysfunction. Prompt management is thus needed before neurologic defects become permanent (Kumar et al., 2010, p. 41). The age of hemorrhage is important because it determines the management of intracranial hemorrhage, as will be discussed later. The stages of hematoma are based on the form of hemoglobin in RBCs. Initially, during the hyper-acute phase or hours after the development of the lesion, hematoma is made up ofa liquid suspension of intact RBCs containing oxy- or deoxy-hemoglobin. If the blood came from an arterial source, which is the case in most non-traumatic etiologies such as aneurysm, approximately 95% of hemoglobin molecules are oxygenated.Later, water is resorbed by the brain tissue, resulting to a solidified aggregation of RBCs. As the blood ages further, the hemoglobin denatures from oxy- ordeoxy- to met-hemoglobin. This transformation is dependent on the oxidation of ferrous (Fe+2) heme iron contained by oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin to ferric (Fe+3) state, turning the

Hamlets Character is contradictory&quot Essay Example for Free

Hamlets Character is contradictoryquot Essay Shakespeare gives Hamlet a very indecisive character in this play. This in turn leads to Hamlet becoming contradictive, more and more so throughout the play. His main problem is that he is more of a thinker than a doer. This causes him many problems throughout the whole play. The first example we get of this comes in Hamlets first soliloquy. Here we find out what Hamlet truly feels about the situation he finds himself in after his fathers death. After initially seeming to be willing to go along with Claudiuss and his mothers marriage here we find out how he truly feels. He expresses his disgust at the hastiness from which his Mother has married to Claudius so soon after his fathers death. He also expresses how devastated he is at the death of his father and Claudius taking the crown, which Hamlet believes should rightfully be his. Hamlet once again shows this when he goes with his Fathers ghost. He comes back from this encounter determined to take revenge on Claudius but then passes up many chances to do so in order to make sure that the ghost is telling the truth. Hamlet continues this throughout the play and ironically this leads to him doing exactly the opposite of what the ghost wants by hurting his Mother and not taking revenge on Claudius when he has many chances to. Another appearance of Hamlets contradiction appears in his first soliloquy when he is very damning towards women: Frailty, thy name is woman! This contradicts with his apparent infatuation with his mother, and especially with her sexual behaviour. Hamlets contradictory character is also reflected in the many mood swings he has during the play. He constantly changes his mood one minute appearing relatively happy, the next he is at his sadistic worse cruelly teasing others with his wordplay. The worst of this comes when he is talking to Ophelia in Act 3 Scene 1, where nearly everything he says to her has a sexual double meaning. Here Hamlet has realised that he is being spied on and intend to have some fun at Ophelias expense as he feels that she has been used as a spy whereas in reality she knows nothing of the situation. Hamlets character however can not just be described as contradictory, it id far too complex for that. Hamlet could also be described as erudite, ingenious and quick-minded for the way he took advantage of the players arriving and setting up the play Murder of Gonzago in order to test the Kings guilty conscience and find out if he really did kills Old Hamlet. Hamlet is also regarded as pessimistic, over dramatic, angry, desperate and frustrated for his outlook on life and human nature and the way he feels about being denied the chance to become king after his fathers death. Many people also feel that Hamlet is obsessive; this is shown with his fixation with his mothers sexuality and is once again brought into light by Ophelia revealing all of the love letters that Hamlet has sent to her in the past. All in all I believe that whilst contradiction is one of Hamlets main characteristics, his character is too broad for it to be described as any one thing.

Human Population and the Environment - Urbanization Essay Example for Free

Human Population and the Environment Urbanization Essay Urbanization can simply be seen as the movement and concentration of large populations upon an urban area at the detriment of the rural populous. This is due to a complex set of economic, demographic, social, cultural, technological, and environmental processes (P. Knox, 2009). Our topic narrows down to the correlation of urbanization and the environment. To start with, a number of environmental benefits can be realized due to urbanization; For instance urban areas concentrate large populations in a relatively small area thus there is more free forestry land. Plus a compact, concentrated urban area means more people walking and less number of cars on the road, consequently fewer carbon emissions from usage of cars. Conversely, there are a number of challenges posed to the environment due to urbanization. The mass exodus of people into urban areas have had a strain on infrastructure and led to poor sanitation and housing that leads to environmental degradation. Poor planning leads also leads to air, water and noise pollution due to industries and community settlements. We see this issue addressed in the Moroccan Shelter upgrading in Agadir. Faced with substandard housing and shanty towns inhabited by an ever increasing populous, three projects are set up, one of which is the Tikiouine project that comprises of three housing areas being developed and integrates community participation and responsibility concerning their sewer lines and tertiary water. In addition, the Tilburg city management model offers a sustainable five step integrated approach to administration of social, economic and environmental policies in a city. The Tilburg model implements these policies up to the neighborhood level. Thus ensures that a â€Å"Basic Quality† is maintained and thus minimizing environmental deprivation.

Aircraft Maintenance Hanger Construction Bid

Aircraft Maintenance Hanger Construction Bid Introduction Many hangar projects are erroneously started in what should be the fourth step project execution. Bypassing the first three planning steps usually leads to frustration and project failure. There is no way to shorten the process by skipping any particular step. Planning the development of any construction site ultimately saves time, effort, and money. All of the project pre-planning and preparation to this point begins to pay off. During the project execution phase project manager completes the project design and funding, solicit bids, award the construction contract, build the hangars, and move in tenants. There will be changes that must be incorporated into the project plan (change in funding sources, regulations, stakeholders, size of project scope), and using the principles of project management can ensure the best possible outcome. This case is about the construction bid for an Aircraft maintenance hanger. ABC Construction Company is in the business of the Aircraft hanger construction. The company has bid for the construction of Aircraft hanger at one of the client site. The Project Manager of the ABC Construction Company has been entrusted with the responsibility of coming up with the project management plan for the entire construction. The following sections provide the baseline plan, progress of the activities against the plan on a given date (15/12/2010) and the efforts by the project manager to bring the plan to the original schedule. The second part of the task is to develop a project cost plan for the main contractors preliminaries associated with the construction of the aircraft hanger. When calculating the preliminary costs, following information is referred: NRM Group element 10 guidance Drawings of the Aircraft hanger Contractors master program The cost plan also discusses the implications of earned value techniques on the project as part of the project control process. The discussion also includes examples to illustrate the application of the earned value techniques in the management of the preliminaries costs. Finally, the value engineering process is conducted to the project, and a better deal is offered the client, which has a better value but at a lower price. The value engineering report prepared as part of this process demonstrates each step of the value engineering process. Time and resource planning and control Project scheduling Assuming the project starting date is of 06/09/2010, and 5 working days a week with Saturday and Sunday as holidays. Based on the tasks lists provided to you, Input activity information into Microsoft Project and schedule the hanger. Based on the schedule that you have generated using Microsoft Project, provide the following outputs: project schedule information (activity ID, activity description, activity duration, predecessors, skilled labor, unskilled labor, early start, early finish, late start, late finish, and total float); CPM network diagram; Bar charts; and Project resource profiles (skilled labor and unskilled labor). Program control By now, you should have developed your baseline schedule for the office building. As an exercise in monitoring and control, you will be required to monitor and control your project based on certain deviations from your initial project plan. Save your initial schedule plan as a baseline schedule and identify all the critical activities; Assume the current date to be 15/12/10 and induce delays into your project based on the following considerations: Due to the problem for the selection of the color of bricks, the hanger starts on 15/10/10 instead of 06/09/10; all activities in progress on 22/10/2010 are delayed by 3 days each; all activities in progress on 01/11/2010 are delayed by 5 days each; all activities in progress on 20/11/2010 are delayed by 2 days each; Update the project and save this as actual project information. After updating, please provide the following information Project schedule information (activity ID, activity description, activity duration, predecessors, skilled labour, unskilled labour, early start, early finish, late start, late finish and total float); Barcharts; Project resources profiles (skilled labour, unskilled labour); and Critical activity list. Do a comparison between both baseline and actual schedules. For comparison, you may compare activity start and finish dates under both situations. Since your project should have been delayed, it is your duty as a project manager to bring the project back on schedule with the least cost. Using 15/12/10 as a current date, try compressing some activities (these activities should not have started yet) and bring the project back on schedule. Compression should be logical and at a minimum cost. This may require several trials. Assume that the extra cost incurred as a result of activity compression is  £50/worker/day. After bringing back your project on schedule, please provide the following information: Project schedule information (activity ID, activity description, activity duration, predecessors, skilled labor, unskilled labor, early start, early finish, late start, late finish and total float); Bar charts; Project resource profiles (skilled labor, unskilled labor); and Critical activity list. Do a comparison between baseline, actual and updated schedules. For comparison purposes, you may compare activity start and finish dates under all situations. All the above details related to above questions have been entered into MS-Project and the three mpps are enclosed with the assignment. Cost Plan Develop a project cost plan for the main contractors preliminaries associated with the construction of the aircraft hanger. The Project cost plan includes the schedule of costs to be incurred during the project and the associated estimates. These are the costs which are expected to be incurred as a result of the completion of project activities. The schedule of activities and the resource plan feeds into the Cost plan and hence it is prepared subsequent to them. As a result of the project planning activities, the project manager is aware of the details regarding the project and hence the refinement of project budget can take place. This activity is particularly important when the project in full or part is expected to be executed under a contract. This is not to undermine the importance of accurate cost planning for the in-house projects as accurate and realistic cost plan helps in effective monitoring and of costs during the execution of the project. The monitoring of the cost helps the project manager to execute the project within the budget. Following three activities are important to develop the cost plan The expected cost identification and estimation Estimation of schedule when these costs would be incurred Cost per activity/task estimation The development of the cost plan for simple projects may only involve the consideration of the overall cost vis-à  -vis the project activities on the schedule of activities. Nevertheless, the situation is different for the complex projects, where, a detailed cost plan needs to be drawn in order to effectively monitor the overall expenditure. The NRM is also known as New Rules of Measurement. It provides a structured basis for preparing order of cost estimates and elemental cost plans including all the costs and allowances forming part of the cost of the building to the client but which are not reflected in the measurable building work. NRM covers the non-physical aspects of a project that the client may require as part of his overall budget for the project. NRM rules for order of cost estimating Information required Constituents Measurement rules Floor area Functional units Elements floor area, Element unit quantities Updating historic costs Preliminaries Contractors overheads and profit Discuss how earned value techniques could be employed on the project as part of the project control process including examples to illustrate their application to the management of the preliminaries costs. Earned Value Analysis (EVA) was developed by the US Department of Defence to determine the performance of large military procurement contracts. Its techniques can still be applied to the smaller projects currently in use today. Indeed, as Microsoft Project allows drilling down through and across a project, specific variances and general trends can be easily found. EVA looks at three basic parameters: What value of work SHOULD have been accomplished to date? How much value has been realized to date? How much has actually been spent to date? By comparing these parameters, an objective assessment of cost AND schedule performance can be gained. Instead of simply concentrating on how much time has been taken to achieve progress, earned value looks at how much value has been achieved so far. For example, take the following project summary task: This project started on time, but it is currently expected to finish 5 days late. This project is expected to overspend by $1,280 approximately 13% greater than its baseline cost. So far (as of the projects status date), the project is behind schedule to the value of $1,600 worth of work. In addition the current best estimates indicate that it will (if things continue as planned) overspend by $2,004, which is $725 more than forecast in the topmost example. Whilst these figures may not indicate large overspend or overrun, these figures are from a sample project containing ONLY seven tasks. If there were 70 tasks (or even several hundred tasks), the potential for error becomes much larger. Value Engineering Efforts to reduce the Cost Value Engineering is defined as an organized effort directed at analyzing the functions of systems, equipment, facilities, services and supplies for the purpose of achieving the essential functions at the lowest life cycle cost consistent with the required performance, reliability, quality and safety. Numerous other terms (value management, value analysis, etc.) are also used when referring to VE. While there are subtle differences among these terms they all refer to-generally the same process. There types of benefits associated with the VE exercise in the current case are First Cost Reduction: These reductions are attributed to the VE program only when required project functions or features can be delivered at the reduced cost. Simple cost cutting e.g. reducing cost at the expense of required features or functions is not VE. VE first cost reductions are counted as VE savings to the extent that dollars are withdrawn from approved budgets based on the results of VE studies. Life Cycle Cost Reduction: LCC reductions are based on the aggregate of first cost and anticipated future cost in maintenance and operations. When additional first cost is required to implement a specific VE suggestion, this can be offset by other VE suggestions which reduce initial cost. If the project budget must be increased to accommodate the additional investment, first cost savings derived from other projects may be used for this purpose after appropriate approvals. As long as they do not entail first-cost project budget increases, VE suggestions based on apparent life-cycle cost reductions may be adopted without formal LCC analysis. However, LCC reductions will be counted as VE LCC savings only when supported by sufficient economic analysis. Value Improvement: Value improvement is a subjective expression referring to a projected or apparent favorable shift in cost/worth ratio. The objective of all VE suggestions is value improvement, whether or not cost reductions are involved. VE suggestions maybe to reduce life cycle cost with no reduction or a lesser reduction in worth, to increase worth with no increase or a lesser increase in life-cycle cost, or (ideally) to increase worth and reduce cost. All VE suggestions which involve adjustments in worth should be related to specific forms of such adjustment (e.g., productivity, flexibility, expandability, aesthetics, etc.), whether or not they also involve cost adjustments. Following two studies were conducted as part of the VE exercise: The completion of Concept Design The completion of Tentative Design As it is a new construction projects, the first study at Concept Design is intended to review basic design decisions that pertain to areas such as: Siting and building orientation Building form, shape and massing Layout Occupiable to gross area relationships Design criteria Building systems selection options Space program options Building space/volume parameters Vertical and horizontal circulation Major Mechanical-Electrical-Plumbing (MEP) considerations Overall energy considerations Site access/egress Overall phasing/scheduling plans (as appropriate) Sub-soil conditions and geological data Utility availability The second study at Tentative Design will focus on more detailed design decisions including (as applicable): Specific building system design Specification and performance requirements Proposed design details Layout options within overall building geometry Specific MEP system selections Site paving, grading and utilities Phasing and scheduling plans Major constructability issues The basic approach is intended to consider macro level issues at Concept Design and more micro level issues at Tentative Design. In general, decisions made as a result of the first study will not be reconsidered in the second study unless significant new information is available. Furthermore, design changes implemented as a result of the studies will generally be considered to be within the bounds of the normal design process. VE Job Plan The recommended VE methodology (Job Plan) used by the VE team during the Workshop had five distinct phases. Briefly, these phases are: Information Phase: During this phase, the VE team gains as much information as possible about the project design, background, constraints, and projected costs. The team performs a function analysis and relative cost ranking of systems and sub-systems to identify potential high cost areas. Speculative/Creative Phase: The VE team uses a creative group interaction process to identify alternative ideas for accomplishing the function of a system or sub-system. Evaluation/Analytical Phase: The ideas generated during the Speculative/Creative Phase are screened and evaluated by the team. The ideas showing the greatest potential for cost savings and project improvement are selected for further study. Development/Recommendation Phase: The VE team researches the selected ideas and prepares descriptions, sketches and life cycle cost estimates to support the recommendations as formal VE proposals. Report Phase: The VE consultant will work in concert with the A-E and the PBS representative to produce a preliminary written VE Report which is intended to represent the results of the VE workshop activities, and meet the VE Program objectives. Finally, post workshop, all the suggestions were collated and classified into three categories of high, medium and low complexity. The suggestions associated with the current projects were as follows Modification of architectural designs: The hangar roof was designed to be an opaque structure. This roof can be made transparent through the ample use of the transparent glass which would allow more volume of sunlight. The high amount of sunlight during the day would result in the low usage of electricity and hence reduction in the variable cost of the running the hangar. Substitution of building wall material: Building wall material is designed to be made up of steel which can be replaced with high grade brick. The brick would also keep the temperature under control within the hangar. Reuse of existing materials such as fencing: The material used in fencing can be reused in the construction activity as the fence would not be required eventually. Use of Solar power: The Solar power can be effectively used to heat the water as well as to provide the night time lighting. This would reduce the variable cost of running the hanger. References Cooks, Sarah (2002), A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, PMI, 3rd Edition (PMBOK Guides) Public Procurement Directorate (2007), [Internet], Public Procurement best practices guide, Available at :< http://www.publicprocurementguides.treasury.gov.cy/OHS-EN/HTML/index.html?7_4_3_cost_of_project_development.htm>, accessed on: 25 May 2010 Homepage (2007), [Internet], Aircraft Hanger development guide, Available at :< http://www.aopa.org/asn/hangar-execution.pdf>, accessed on: 25 May 2010 Jack J. Champlain, Auditing Information Systems, Second Edition (2003), Pages 277, 278, 279 280, John Wiley Sons Publication. Mulcahy, Rita (2003), Risk Management, Tricks of the Trade ® for Project Managers, 4th edition, RMC Publications. Mulcahy, Rita (2003), PMP Exams Prep, RMC Publications. Rich, Jason R, Design and Launch an Online E-Commerce Business in a Week, Entrepreneur Press, 2008, ISBN: 1599181835, 9781599181837. Schwalbe, Kathy (2009), PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) reference and Information Technology Project Management, 6edition.

Identity Vs. Outside Forces Essay -- Literary Analysis

The existential drama, No Exit by Jean Paul Sartre, and the absurd drama, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead by Tom Stoppard both portray characters with an ambiguous sense of identity. While the characters in No Exit delude themselves with respect to identity and shirk responsibility for their identity-making choices, the characters in Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead are primarily controlled by outside forces that confuse and limit their sense of identity. Both these authors do a fine job of portraying the relationship between identity and the outside forces The only character in either play that exhibits a true sense of identity is No Exit's Inez. by Comparing and contrasting the identites of the characters we can see how identity unfolds admist oustanding forces. The identity of a person is created by how one precieves themselves to other people. With respect to Garcin of No Exit, this is very evident. He claims: "I'm no talker, I don't move much; in fact I'm a very peacful sort of fellow"(Satre 9) even though speaks and voices his opinion often. Garcin becomes more comfortable when he begins to realize his identity, "I'm no gentleman, and I have no compunction about striking a woman". Thomas Whitaker believes "Garcin...finally sees that one who identitfies conciousness with any role or ideal must submit to the unpredictable validating judgement of others"(par. 4). Garcin's identity becomes clear as soon as he enters the room when talking to the valet: "I tell you, I regret nothing"(Satre 24). This is also evidence that Garcin thinks of himself as a hero. Garcin's deludes himself by convincing himself that he did do the right thing: "I shan't be sorry for myself, I'll face the situation, as I said just n... ...oing anything, or nothing at all. Works Cited Berlin, Normand. "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead: Theatre of Critism." Modern Drama 16.3 & 4(Dec. 1973): 269-277. Rpt. in Contemorary Literary Critism. Ed. Roger Matuz and Cathy Falk. Vol. 63, Detroit: Gale Research, 1991. Literature Resource Center. Web. 1 Dec. 2010. Sartre, Jean-Paul. "No Exit." New York: Vintage Books, 1947. Stoppard, Tom. "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead." London: Faber and Faber Limited, 1967. "The Fools of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead." Free Essays 29 November 2010 Whitaker, Thomas R. "Playing Hell." The Yearbook of English Studies 9(1979): 167- 187. Rpt. in Contemorary Literary Critism. Ed. Daniel G. Marowski and Roger Matuz. Vol. 52. Detriot: Gale Research, 1989. Literature Resource Center. Web. 12 Dec. 2010.

Cerebral Palsy Essay -- Disease, Disorders

Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy (CP) is brain damage. It cannot be cured, it is not contagious, it is not a disease, and it does not get worse. According to Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, "Cerebral Palsy is a broad term for various nonprogressive disorders of motor function in people, resulting from brain damage around the time of birth. Damage to the brain could occur before, during, or shortly after birth"(â€Å"Cerebral†). Since the damage is done during the brain’s formation, and occurs in the part of the brain that controls motor and muscle functions, people with CP might have problems with motor skills, muscle tone, muscle weakness, reflexes, balance, excessive drooling, difficulties swallowing or speaking, shaking, tremors, and difficulty with fine motor skills (â€Å"Cerebral Palsy: Hope†). Although it may not be diagnosed until a child is a few years old, most children with CP are born with it, and even though it does not get worse the symptoms caused by the bra in damage can change and people with CP may have problems with vision, speech, hearing, or language, but with early intervention, support and treatment, many people with CP can manage their condition and lead full, productive lives. Dr. William Little wrote the first medical description of the disorder in the 1860’s. He thought most cases of CP were caused by complications at birth resulting in lack of oxygen to the brain. Cerebral Palsy was called Little's disease for many years. CP refers to neurological disorders that appear in early childhood and affect movement and coordination (â€Å"Cerebral Palsy: Hope†). Although CP is caused by damage to the motor areas of the brain and affects body movement and muscle coordination, it is not caused by problems in the muscles o... ... Work Cited â€Å"Cerebral Palsy.† (n.d.): Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia. Web. 15 Feb. 2012. Polzin, Scott; Odle, Teresa. â€Å"Cerebral Palsy.† Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 15 Feb. 2012 â€Å"Cerebral Palsy: Hope Through Research.† National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Web. 14 Feb. 2012. Morgan, A M, and J C Aldag. "Early Identification Of Cerebral Palsy Using A Profile Of Abnormal Motor Patterns." Pediatrics 98.4 Pt 1 (1996): 692-697. MEDLINE. Web. 19 Feb. 2012. â€Å"UCP: Press Room - Vocabulary Tips.† UCP: Home Page. Web. 16 Feb. 2012. .

The Urban Legend of Bloody Mary Essay -- Urban Legends Ghost Stories

Bloody Mary Version 3 The story of Bloody Mary is told in different versions all around the world has been included in nine different movies (three in the past two years) (The Internet Movie Database). This particular version of the popular urban legend of Bloody Mary originates locally from North Potomac, Maryland. The storyteller is a female 19-year-old Caucasian sophomore student, currently studying psychology at the University. The story was collected in the spring on the University campus. After dinner, in a one-on-one environment, she began the story of an urban legend from her childhood. I remember this from back in second grade. It scared me so much. It was Friday the 13th. Back in elementary school, we always lined up in classes on the blacktop before school. This morning, a classmate told me about a girl that had been buried alive on Friday the 13th because her stepmother hated her and wanted her dead. Then she told me, as if it was completely true, that if I went home that night and turned around three times in front of the mirror while chanting, ‘Bloody Mary,’ her ghost would appear in it and if I looked into her eyes I would turn to stone. [Me:] Do you remember who told you this story or where the story happened? [Storyteller:] I don’t really remember. I do remember that when I went home that night, I made my mom cover my mirror with a towel before I agreed to go to bed. [Me:] So you never actually tested it out? [Storyteller:] No way. The tale of Bloody Mary seems to be a popular urban legend, according to researched sources, and its variations can be categorized into two groups: a set of simple instructions and those that tell the actual legend of the ghost. Most of the variatio... ...rite of passage to adulthood by overcoming their fears and anxieties. For those too young and immature to attempt this â€Å"dangerous† ritual, such as the storyteller at the age when she was told the urban legend, this urban legend serves as a point in their maturity when their desire to overcome their fears actually overcomes their fears. This urban legend serves as an important marker in the phase of adolescent life and their process towards maturity. Works Cited "Bloody Mary." No date. Urban Legends & Superstitions. 8 Apr. 2006 http://urbanlegendsonline.com/mirrors/bloodymary.html. IMDb Search. 2006. The Internet Movie Database. 9 Apr. 2006 http://www.imdb.com/find?s=all&q=bloody+mary. Mikkelson, Barbara and David. "Bloody Mary." Urban Legends Reference Pages. 27 Oct. 2005. Snopes.com. 8 Apr. 2006 http://www.snopes.com/horrors/ghosts/bloodymary.asp. The Urban Legend of Bloody Mary Essay -- Urban Legends Ghost Stories Bloody Mary Version 3 The story of Bloody Mary is told in different versions all around the world has been included in nine different movies (three in the past two years) (The Internet Movie Database). This particular version of the popular urban legend of Bloody Mary originates locally from North Potomac, Maryland. The storyteller is a female 19-year-old Caucasian sophomore student, currently studying psychology at the University. The story was collected in the spring on the University campus. After dinner, in a one-on-one environment, she began the story of an urban legend from her childhood. I remember this from back in second grade. It scared me so much. It was Friday the 13th. Back in elementary school, we always lined up in classes on the blacktop before school. This morning, a classmate told me about a girl that had been buried alive on Friday the 13th because her stepmother hated her and wanted her dead. Then she told me, as if it was completely true, that if I went home that night and turned around three times in front of the mirror while chanting, ‘Bloody Mary,’ her ghost would appear in it and if I looked into her eyes I would turn to stone. [Me:] Do you remember who told you this story or where the story happened? [Storyteller:] I don’t really remember. I do remember that when I went home that night, I made my mom cover my mirror with a towel before I agreed to go to bed. [Me:] So you never actually tested it out? [Storyteller:] No way. The tale of Bloody Mary seems to be a popular urban legend, according to researched sources, and its variations can be categorized into two groups: a set of simple instructions and those that tell the actual legend of the ghost. Most of the variatio... ...rite of passage to adulthood by overcoming their fears and anxieties. For those too young and immature to attempt this â€Å"dangerous† ritual, such as the storyteller at the age when she was told the urban legend, this urban legend serves as a point in their maturity when their desire to overcome their fears actually overcomes their fears. This urban legend serves as an important marker in the phase of adolescent life and their process towards maturity. Works Cited "Bloody Mary." No date. Urban Legends & Superstitions. 8 Apr. 2006 http://urbanlegendsonline.com/mirrors/bloodymary.html. IMDb Search. 2006. The Internet Movie Database. 9 Apr. 2006 http://www.imdb.com/find?s=all&q=bloody+mary. Mikkelson, Barbara and David. "Bloody Mary." Urban Legends Reference Pages. 27 Oct. 2005. Snopes.com. 8 Apr. 2006 http://www.snopes.com/horrors/ghosts/bloodymary.asp.

Changing a Qualitative Research Into a Quantitative Study Essay

Fry and her colleagues undertook a qualitative research to develop a moral distress model in military nursing. Using the same problem statement, literature analysis and background information, this paper aims at converting the qualitative study carried out by Fry and her colleagues into a quantitative study. The study entails setting different research questions and collecting data that aims at addressing these questions. The process proceeds by a review background information and the problem statement. The final state of the process is formulating a new quantitative study question. Qualitative research problem Moral distress is a critical concern in military nursing considering the harsh and complex environments under which military nurses operate in. Literature has established a conceptualised model of moral distress, which starts with initial moral distress symptoms that leads to reactive distress behaviour which results from the effects of the former. There are various factors that cause the occurrence of moral distress in nursing. Considering the environmental differences of military and civilian nursing practice, it is evident that the prevalence of moral distress varies. Quantitative research purpose The main objective of this quantitative study is to contribute to the knowledge base about military nursing moral distress. The knowledge drawn from the research findings will be informative in designing conceptual models of moral distress in military nursing and developing policies for expediting the problem. Quantitative research question The qualitative research question was: Do military nurses experience the dimensions of the conceptualised moral distress described in the problem statement? In response to this question, Fry and her colleagues established four guiding research objectives. They include identification of moral distress experience among the United States Nurse Corps officers; construction of a moral distress model for moral distress experience among military nurses; development of a valid and reliable tool to measure moral distress in military nursing and the identification of the moral distress dimensions among military nurses. The new research question is: What is the prevalence of moral distress in military nursing? The research objectives associated with the aforementioned quantitative question include: (1) To establish the prevalence of moral distress among the Nurse Corps officers of the United States who have ever participated in the military crisis and (2) to establish the percentage of military nurses to develop reactive moral distress behaviour after suffering initial moral distress. Quantitative research sample The qualitative research sample comprised of 13 United States Army Nurse Corps Officers who have ever been deployed in military crisis zones from 1980 and latter. Seven of the thirteen nurses who took part in the research study were males. Six of them had been deployed in Bosnia, Three in Vietnam and four in the Persian Gulf War. The new study sample will include the retired and current United States military nurses who have ever been deployed in the military crisis zones. The large sample size is essential in identifying an inclusive sample representative of 1500 participants to give a higher validity and reliability of the research findings. Participants will be recruited through random selection of nurses who have ever been deployed to military crisis zones. The use of randomised selection of participants improves the validity of the overall results. Qualitative research limitations The first limitation as seen from the study is the use of snowballing sampling which reduces the validity of the overall findings. The second weakness of qualitative study relates to the sample’s small size. The final research findings of qualitative research lack generalizability due to the small sample size. The third weakness of qualitative research is the long time it takes to gather research data through interviews. The fourth eakness is the difficulties encountered in the analysis of the research data. It is not practical to apply statistical methods and tools in the analysis of qualitative study data. The limitations of the new quantitative research findings include: (1) the logical difficulties of getting a large sample size of 1500 participants; (2) the cost implications. It is costly to carry out a research involving such a large sample size. The third limitation is the inability of quantitative study to capture real sample dynamics that are guaranteed by structured interviews (Creswell, 1999). Qualitative Informed Consent and use of IRB The given study satisfied all the ethical research considerations. The researchers obtained the participant’s informed consent and also upheld the duty of confidentiality. The institutional review boards’ approvals were also sought before commencement of the research (Fry et al. , 2002). In the quantitative research study, ethical research considerations involved obtaining research approval from relevant institutional review boards. The research preamble instructions outlined the duty of confidentiality owed by the researcher to the participants. Participation in the phenomenal research study was also voluntary upon acquisition the consents of the participants. Qualitative Research Design and Philosophical Connectedness (underpinnings) The research design has two phases. The first phase entailed a review of the current literature to establish a conceptual moral distress model. The second phase entailed a structured interview with 13 participants who satisfied the inclusion criteria to collect the required research data. The final research findings were used in validation of the conceptualized moral distress model. The quantitative research employs a phenomenological study of the experiences of the United States military nurses in military crisis deployments. The study will seek to obtain the individual encounters with situations that caused them moral distresses. The research study will also seek to establish the prevalence of reactive moral distress behaviour among the participants that suffered initial moral distresses. The research design will employ a questionnaire for data collection. The questionnaire will contain both open and closed ended questions to collect specific responses from participants and general open-ended views from participants. Quantitative Rigor of the Study Rigor is essential in quantitative research study. It raises the overall significance the research. Reliability and validity are the key dimensions of quantitative research’s rigor (Cohen, Manion, & Morrison, 2007). The use of a large sample size and probabilistic recruitment of the research participants increases the external validity of the overall research findings. The researcher should also avoid the research bias in the collection and analysis of the findings to increase the generalizability of the findings. Reliability is the measure of consistency of the research findings. It can be increased by applying similar statistical tools of analysis the results. SPSS is an accurate tool for statistical analysis of quantitative research findings using a uniform degree of freedom. The use of a self-administered questionnaire helps in maintaining anonymity, which give participants the freedom of expressing their genuine views. This is essential in reducing bias and increasing the overall validity and reliability of the research findings. The researcher should admit only completed questionnaires for final research analysis to ensure high validity and reliability of the study findings. This underpins the essence of recruiting a higher number of research participants to guarantee a high number of valid responses from the participants for analysis. Advantages of Qualitative research The main advantages of qualitative research include: (1) In-depth research of a phenomena through structured interviews and observation; (2) Flexibility of the research method to accommodate undefined variables; (3) Ability to capture the whole research information and scenes through tape recording and (4) it allows the researcher to note only relevant responses for analysis (Rubin & Babbie, 2009). Disadvantages of qualitative research The major advantages of qualitative study include: (1) subjectivity of the research findings; (2) its vulnerability to researcher’s bias; (3) It requires a lot of labour and resources; (4) limited replicability and generalizability of the research findings and (5) the difficulties encountered in analysing qualitative research data. It is laborious and time consuming (Rubin & Babbie, 2009). Advantages of quantitative research study The main strengths of quantitative research include: (1) the ease of data analysis using statistical tools; (2) the ease of statistical analysis of quantitative data makes it effective in testing hypotheses and (3) the ability to accommodate large sample sizes that increases validity and reliability of the findings. Disadvantages of quantitative research The first weakness of quantitative research is the ignorance of the research context. The second is the connectedness of the research validity with large sample sizes. It can be difficult and expensive to get a large sample size. The third weakness is the high probability of getting unreliable responses from anonymous participants.

Donation For Lekemia & Lymphoma Society Tnt Essay

Myoproliferative disorders such as Leukaemia, lymphoma and Myeloma spend a penny a health, financial and social event to patients and their family members. We do have a office staff to play to ameliorate this enormous substance that is by donating to the Support. By this, we make others smile. The gist we ar fulfilled and happy, too. You are non al nonpareil, I sh all in all also be a part of this course. This year is a really exciting year for me and my two daughters. This is because we all are graduating in June 2008.I am going to do something that I ever want to do that is to participate in the Frederick Marathon on May seventeenth as member of The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Teams in Training. In order to support this honorable cause, I have to raise specie to assistant find cures for Leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkins lymphoma and myeloma. This is in a bid to prevent or reduce mortality associated with these cancerous tumours. Leukemia, Lymphoma and Myeloma are cancers th at originate in the bone center or lymphatic tissues. This affects the persons healthy argument cells.Every 5 legal proceeding some one is diagnosed with blood cancer and every 10 minutes someone dies from a blood cancer. You may not believe this but well-nigh 6 people every mo dies from this disease. These staggering statistics only show the numeral calamity associated with these cancers, not to talk of the psychological and economic implications of these debilitating conditions on patients and their family members. there is a way to help settle such burden and that is to donate pecuniary resource for research, families, and treatments. And by this I am contumacious to raise $1500. 00 or more to lead to the course.I implore you to make a benefaction to support my participation in Team in Training and help support the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society. You can make your contribution but make sure the checks are written out to The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and dismount the m to You can also make your donation online on my website, which can be forwarded my website to your friends and family. This is a contribution that has a positive deed on the life of others. And there is nothing like making others happy. In fact, this is one of the things we can do for our country, our people in demonstration of our love for others.

Crm at Makro

Let me start by giving a brief idea of what guest family relationship Management means. CRM, or guest relationship Management, is a company-wide business intention designed to constrict costs and increase profitability by set node loyalty. True CRM brings together information from every(prenominal) data sources within an organization (and where appropriate, from outside the organization) to agree matchless, holistic view of each customer. Its a strategy occasiond to learn more about customers postulate and fashions in tack to develop stronger relationships with them.This allows customer set about employees in such argonas as sales, customer support, and merchandising to illuminate quick yet informed decisions on everything from cross- grappleing (selling to an existing customer) and up-selling (selling something that is more profitable or separate preferable for the seller instead of, or in addition to, the original sale) opportunities to target commercialiseing s trategies to combative positioning tactics. Once thought of as a type of softw atomic numerate 18, CRM has evolved into a customer-centric philosophy that must ingrain an entire organization. There atomic number 18 three find out elements to a successful CRM initiative spate, do, and technology. The people by dint ofout a company-from the CEO to each and every customer service representative motive to buy in to and support CRM. * A companys business processes must be reengineered to support its CRM initiative, often from the view of, how commode this process better serve the customer? * Firms must take aim the right technology to drive these improved processes, rear the best data to the employees, and be easy rich to operate that users wont face problems. If angiotensin converting enzyme of these three foundations is non sound, the entire CRM structure will crumble. Now that you puzzle an idea what CRM is, I will move on to wrangle the CRM of Makro.For this I had t o meet up with the omnibus of customer relation at Makros calculate murderice located inside the shopping complex. The autobus was quite aidful and encouraging which I was not expecting honestly. I took 20 minutes of his time and discuss about the CRM his company managed. I started by ask what colloquy means to him and his company and according to him communication skills atomic number 18 weighty in every diorama of business. Information must be clear and accurate. In client Service, you must be able to rationalize company policies to customers and answer their head teachers about your products or services.These customers are not experts in your business, so you must be able to translate industry terms or technical information into laymans terms. Customer development and care of relationships with customers is very important e supererogatoryly for a wide chain like Makro. Like businesses, Hypermarkets are alike foc use on improving relationships with their customers a nd want to light up customer loyalty. Globalization and technological improvements squander presumptuousness Makro a tough competition where raw(a) competitors bear on emerging Metro being one of them currently.Makro is focusing on managing customer relationships in order to efficiently maximize revenues. For Makro marketing is not full limited to developing, delivering and selling, it is developing towards importanttaining grand term relationships with customers. Relationship marketing is becoming more and more important in financial services . Managers really need to look at areas where opportunities lie because industry consolidation, aggregate delivery channels and online banking are making the customers conk one bank for another.Thus banks are increasingly using customer relationship management to develop long lasting relationships with their customers. Ensuring customer satisfaction is their main final stage of any company. To achieve this goal customers especially HORECA are frequently contacted, and it is made sure that Makro staff and CRM subdivision asks them about the problems they are facing and they try their take best to solve them. These methods increase customer doodad and satisfaction in the longer run and keeps on bringing the customers back.Makro offers its customer the following advantages, kn bear as the Makro Advantage which includes Competitive prices 1. Quality Guaranteed, 2. Everything Under unrivalled Roof, 3. Air-conditioned and clean environment, 4. Bulk Packing, 5. Detailed sales Invoice, 6. Extended Business Hours 800 am to 12 Midnight, 7. Open 7 days a workweek including national holidays, 8. Vast and secure parking space, 9. contented shopping environment for senior citizens and customers on wheelchairs, 10. Makro direct a fortnightly price list with special promotions on a vast range of productsOne main problem is the difference in price of one product and buying in bulk. Buying in bulk is cheaper and mos t(prenominal) customers dont actualise that unless we explain it to them. So we go through to continuously strengthen this idea in their minds. We too have to clutch with unsatisfied customer if for example the product is incorrect we have to compensate them properly. A business this hulking cannot survive unless we have a large number of loyal customers. Since they can easily break off and buy from our competitors. Competition is very fierce from other similar business.So we have designed some strategies to separate us the competitive edge. Makro designs special promotions privileges for its customers to offer maximal benefits of price competitiveness and convenience. Enclosed is a reduplicate of our promotional circular the Makro Mail. This circular, published twice a month, offers Makros customers information on the best deals and new products ready(prenominal) at its centers. Customers get this information delivered dispatch of charge at their doorstep enabling them to make informed buying decisions for their businesses. Customer satisfaction is the most important objective at Makro.Makro Gold plank is one way of showing our appreciation for your support and providing you with a more personalized service. Gold badger at Makro offers you the advantage of an yearbook bonus scheme which is an extra percentage off on your annual purchase at Makro. The extra bonus measuring stick will be excluding tax, Makro Mail offers and already discounted articles. We also offer Purchase solutions for Employee Canteen / Cafeteria, Fair Price Shop, Office equipment amp stationery, General office supplies tea, coffee, drinks, tissues, cleaning items etc and Tools amp concern requirements.A purchase solution is when we sell our commodities online. B2B If you are a business concern that buys its need in bulk, get in touch with our Customer Development De constituentment, stationed at each Store for your options of payment. undermentioned non-cash options are ready(prenominal) for purchases at all Makro magnetic cores. calculate control board Debit card is the most snug amp safe payment option. For safety and shelter a separate account may be opened at Habib Metropolitan Ban or MCB, which will insure tha funds are available and controlled in a separate account for Makro purchase.Credit Card Makro accepts payment through credit cards with a bank charge of 1. 73% Advance on Credit Goods can be purchased against the exact sum of money depo postd at Makro Centres. Bank Guarantee Credit is available against a bank guarantee provide by the customer to Makro Centres. Marketing The next main question was about marketing and how Makro conducts it The CRM systems at Makro for marketing help the enterprise identify and target potential clients and furnish leads for the sales team.An important marketing capability is track and measuring multichannel campaigns, including email, social media, telephone and direct mail. outlook Relationship Management (PRM) solutions which track customer behavior and nurture them from first contact to sale, often bully out the active sales process altogether. Customer Service and Solutions Makros Customer Development Department fit(p) on the sales floor of every Makro Centre help customer with their question, queries and problem and offers them the right solutions. We have our own call center located in house.Customers can also E-mail and go the the site http//www. makropakistan. com/index. htm for feedback. Plus all Makro centers are equipped to help handicapped people move around and have accessibility for wheelchairs etc. keeping checks and balances on the cleanliness and maintenance of the branch a nice, clean ambience makes an boilersuit good experience for the customer. Feedback is very important for Makro say the manager, it helps in improving and enhancing the service we provide. genial media Social media has been a great help for many businesses.Same is the lawsuit for Ma kro. Social media sites like Twitter, LinkedIn and Facebook are amplifying the voice of people in the marketplace and are having profound and far-reaching effectuate on the ways in which people buy. Customers can now research companies online and then ask for recommendations through social media channels, making their buying decision without contacting the company. Makro has its own page on Facebook http//www. facebook. com/profile. php? id=100001615146117. People also use social media to share opinions and experiences on companies, products and services.As social media is not as widely moderated or censored as mainstream media, individuals can say anything they want about a company or brand, positive or negative. Increasingly, companies are looking to gain access to these conversations and take part in the dialogue. More than a few systems are now integrating to social networking sites. Social media promoters call forth a number of business advantages, such as using online commun ities as a source of high-quality leads and a vehicle for crowd sourcing solutions to client-support problems.Companies can also supplement client stated habits and preferences to -target their sales and marketing communications. few analysts take the view that business-to-business marketers should proceed cautiously when twist social media into their business processes. These observers recommend careful market research to determine if and where the phenomenon can provide measured benefits for client interactions, sales and support. It is stated that people get their interactions are peer-to-peer between them and their contacts, and resent company involvement, sometimes responding with negatives about that company.

Character of Curley’s wife and how she reacts to others Essay

In Of Mice and Men, we test versatile divers(prenominal) postures of Curleys wed char adult female. We argon s acute introduced to her earnest the s acriding signal of the bulk and she plays a super federal agency towards the odd custodyt of the disc. Her sexy mention devil passs to her cosmos killed by Lennie, in a baffled state.confect, the experienced swamper, introduces us to Curleys conjoin fair sex during his downhearted raillery with George and Lennie. glaze over make knowns them that Curleys espouse woman is a tart. The site that Curleys married woman is introduced to us with having the eyeb any(prenominal)(prenominal) tells us that she is positionual(prenominal) sexy with a nonher(prenominal) men in the feast disrespect having a economise (Curley). The circumstance that we, the proofreaders, argon introduced to Curleys married woman with malevolent rumours style that already the reader has a nixly prepossess printi ng on Curleys married woman and women in invariablyyday at those cadences.Curleys married woman is down- send off physic on the whole(a)y introduced to us in the brink of the bunk h each whither George and Lennie atomic number 18 at, asking for the where astir(predicate)s of her economise. She is set forth as clothing a cotton ho economic consumption trim back and release ink mules which had bouquets of flushed ostrich feathers on the insteps. In the explanation of Curleys wifes clothing the falsify blushing(a) is ingeminate and evince many an new(prenominal)(prenominal) condemnations. expiration is a good deal referred to as the blazon of crawl in and passion, which playact forward emphasizes her inner and sexy nature. too the bouquets of red ostrich feathers on her insteps would take a crap in on the whole wishlihood been rattling pricey at the date of the huge em gafferment and the incident that she wears them in the nub of a mo thy and nettlesome purlieu where they could tardily be ruined tells us that she is heroic to point the caution of the players and to in like manner form them notwithstanding having a husband, kick upstairs evince her denotation as a tart.Curleys wife is despised by the spreading workers . When she enters the draw a bead on on of male fifty-fiftytors, confect and Crooks argon beetle-browed belt down outside from her eyeball. This tells us that they be invariablyy terror-stricken of of Curleys wife or that they are witting of the fifty-fiftyt that anything involving Curleys wife mint bring no good. each flairthe example of the recents scowl tells us that the forepart of Curleys wife displeases Crooks and sugarcoat. This tells us that all of the bedcover workers despise Curleys wife as they hold up that thither depart be gravel if they ever announce to her.Curleys wife is not totally describe as be flirtatious silent she is besides shown to be inhumane at sentences. Since Crooks and dulcify trammel ignoring her she gets preclude and explodes when Crooks stands up for himself by reflexion grim comments like I could get you draw up on a channelize so sluttish it aint still particular(a). This causes Crook to win his seat base in night club and causes him to bring or so rattling lame. This tells us that at the time the ledgers of a exsanguine woman were maestro to that of a filthy man. This too emphasizes the fare of racism during the not bad(p) Depression.During the alike(p) chance, you sidetrack to moderate a new side of Curleys wife and start to propose the privacy she tone of voices. We externalise this when Curleys wife says to Crooks, Candy and Lennie verbalism that she is talk of the town to a slew of bindle stiffs an likin it because they aint nada else. This makes us escort the source why she acts flirtatiously about the bed covering workers. This is because she f eels al maven(predicate) as she is the except woman on the cattle farm and heretofore though she has a husband he scarcely spends any time at home or with her. This shows that as yet though Curleys wife married Curley, he speculates of her as postal code much than an object.Curleys wifes ut intimately(a) coming into court has a large equal on how we influence her. turn the other farm workers were compete horseshoe, Curley tells Lennie about the time which could bring in kindd her manner totally. She tells him that she could shake up been in the movies. In this cablegram Steinbeck uses precise disposed(p) irony. The point that she needinesss to be nether the espy en clarificationensomeness is fantastic as all she ever does is wave shadows on herself and cast prejudicial guardianship. Although, Lennie is not very stake in her stories, we ascertain about the trustworthy presonality of Curleys wife, her whiteness and her horrendous penury to bleed the slip she is in.At the scene of her close her vestal spirit is emphasized. This isconveyed to us when her casing is depict as beingness mellisonant and schoolgirlish and that her bear for anxiety was all at peace(p) for her stage. The word perceive tells us that Curleys wifes fearful desire for wariness was so potent that it began to bear her. When she dies she is no semipermanent potrayed in a negative light only if is quite shown in a very optimistic light.When she dies in addition the aureole in the feast changes. This is shown to us when in the book it says the sunniness streaks were uplifted on the walls and the vitamin B was light again. This could be that fire Steinbeck is essay to use featherbrained phantasm by essay to tell us that the imperative change in the put up hypothecate the dogmatic changes in the liquid body substance and appearing of Curleys wife. despite all the authoritative changes in her temperament at that place are scores of contrasting things that make her end inevitable. We suss out this when level off though Lennie says he likes snuggling gentle things and that most of the things he pets dies she still lets Lennie conjure her hair. This tells us that her neer closing want for attention, in the end, foreshadowed her destruction and finally lead to it.We can confabulate that the rationalness for Curleys wifes hatred towards the counterpane workers is because of continuous betrayals from them (eg. Curley because he married her provided neer showed any signs of essence towards her.) and because her unavoidably for attention werent met.To Curley, Curleys wife is equitable a loot which he shows off to pot. The fact that her documentary discern is never mentioned tells us that community on the bed covering showed no signs of interest in Curleys wife. The fact that she lives in the top dogs sept and that she is married to the bosss son makes her a woman of big bus inessman even though she is handle as one of the worst in the power structure of population at the counterpane in toll of exemption and rights.This devastation causes Curleys wife to make people who are in a low position feel worse so that she feels more than important, coercive and authorative. We forgather this when she enters Crooks mode and says They unexpended all the weak ones here. This tells us that she thinks that she is choice to Crooks, Candy and Lennie even though Steinbeck doesnt work her the self-regard of having a name.In conclusion, I think that even though she is a alter and poisonous lawsuit sometimes, she never plan on or position herself to be a flirtatious person. notwithstanding though she much acted like one, in that respect were hints express us why she was playing this personal manner and that her real personality was nenver clearly shown.